PEBC Evaluating Exam, PEBC Qualifying Exam, OSCE, MCC, Nurse Exams, IELTS, NAPLEX

Electrolytes and Acid Base Balance Sample Questions

1. Which client is at highest risk for a fluid and electrolyte balance?
A. Hypotension B. Grave’s disease C. Diarrhea D. Hypothyroidism
Answer Ans: C Large quantities of water are secreted into the gastrointestinal tract, but almost all this fluid is reabsorbed. Severe diarrhea results in the loss of large quantities of fluid and electrolytes. Saunders CPNRE prep guide, pg 79.

2. Which is considered insensible loss of water?
A. Skin B. Kidney C. GI tract D. Liver
Answer Ans: A Water loss through lungs and skin is a considered as insensible loss of water. The sensible loss of water is through kidneys, gastrointestinal tract.

3. Which pressure alteration caused oedema in the body?
A. Oncotic & hydrostatic pressure B. Osmotic pressure. C. Hydrostatic pressure D. Diffusion process
Answer Ans: A An excess accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces; occurs as a result of alterations in oncotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure, capillary permeability, and lymphatic obstruction. Saunders pg 78.